Optimal planning of solar PV and battery storage with energy management systems for Time‐of‐Use and flat electricity tariffs
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper determines the optimal capacity of solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage (BES) with novel rule-based management systems (EMSs) under flat time-of-use (ToU) tariffs. Four schemes are investigated based on combinations ToU tariffs for buying selling electricity: (1) Flat-Flat, (2) ToU-Flat, (3) Flat-ToU, (4) ToU-ToU. For each scheme, two configurations evaluated: (i) PV only, (ii) PV-BES. The optimization grid-connected household is evaluated one-year realistic data. An uncertainty analysis presented variations insolation, temperature, load. Sensitivity analyses implemented average daily load, grid constraint, costs BES. operational 48 h in summer winter carried out to evaluate dynamic performance high low insolation. effectiveness proposed model verified by comparing results that common EMS net metering scheme. It found COE a PV-BES house ToU-Flat scheme (as best option) 2 ¢/kWh lower than
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Iet Renewable Power Generation
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1752-1424', '1752-1416']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.12433